335+ Trending Writing Puns That Are Worth Every Word (2026)

Writing puns bring clever wordplay, creative humor, and language-inspired jokes that make every sentence more fun. From funny author jokes and playful grammar puns to witty writing captions and pun-filled one-liners, these jokes add extra charm to social media posts, classrooms, writing groups, blogs, and everyday conversations.

If you enjoy smart and lighthearted humor, these writing puns will give you plenty of funny lines to share with friends, teachers, students, authors, and followers. You will find funny writing jokes, bookish wordplay, pen and paper humor, grammar jokes, and catchy captions that work perfectly for Instagram posts, journaling, creative writing, book clubs, and publishing content. Every pun stays simple, family-friendly, and easy for readers of all ages to enjoy.

Get ready to write your way into a chapter of laughter with clever humor that will inspire smiles, spark creativity, and leave every pun lover wanting to read more.

Table of Contents

✍️ Funny Writing Puns Captions

Why did the writer carry two pens?
Because one idea was never enough.
Why did the notebook smile?
Because every page held a new adventure.
Why did the pencil stay confident?
Because every mistake could be erased.
Why did the author love Mondays?
Because fresh chapters always begin.
Why did the keyboard stay busy?
Because stories never stop typing.
Why did the journal become popular?
Because it always had something worth saying.
Why did the ink laugh?
Because every word left its mark.
Why did the editor stay calm?
Because every draft gets better.
Why did the paragraph feel proud?
Because it completed the story.
Why did the grammar book smile?
Because every sentence behaved perfectly.
Why did the novel become unforgettable?
Because every chapter hooked readers.
Why did the creative writing class laugh?
Because imagination has the best punchlines.
Why did the story go viral?
Because everyone wanted the next page.
Why did the paper stay full?
Because ideas never run out.
Why did everyone enjoy writing puns?
Because they were written to perfection.

Share these Writing Puns with your fellow writers.

😂 Funny Writing Puns One Liners

Why did the writer never quit?
Because every ending starts a new beginning.
Why did the pen stay positive?
Because every word matters.
Why did the pencil laugh?
Because it always drew attention.
Why did the notebook stay happy?
Because every blank page held possibilities.
Why did the author smile?
Because plot twists keep life exciting.
Why did the keyboard work overtime?
Because creativity never sleeps.
Why did the editor celebrate?
Because another draft became brilliant.
Why did the ink stay flowing?
Because inspiration never dried up.
Why did the grammar teacher grin?
Because every sentence made sense.
Why did the story become famous?
Because readers loved every chapter.
Why did the creative writer stay inspired?
Because imagination knows no limits.
Why did the paragraph feel complete?
Because every idea found its place.
Why did the novel earn applause?
Because great stories live forever.
Why did the paper stay busy?
Because ideas filled every corner.
Why did everyone love funny writing puns?
Because they always had the write answer.

Share these Writing one liners with someone who loves words.

Read More: 320+ Boo Puns that Turn Spooky Moments into Laughs(2026)

😄 Short Funny Writing Puns

Why did the writer smile?
Because everything was going write.
Why did the pen laugh?
Because it had a point.
Why did the pencil stay calm?
Because mistakes disappear.
Why did the notebook blush?
Because it was full of bright ideas.
Why did the author celebrate?
Because another chapter was finished.
Why did the keyboard stay happy?
Because every click created magic.
Why did the journal grin?
Because every page told a story.
Why did the ink sparkle?
Because inspiration was flowing.
Why did the editor smile?
Because every draft improved.
Why did the paragraph relax?
Because every sentence fit perfectly.
Why did the grammar book laugh?
Because commas know where to pause.
Why did the story stay exciting?
Because every page had a surprise.
Why did the creative writing class cheer?
Because imagination won again.
Why did the paper stay busy?
Because ideas never stop arriving.
Why did everyone enjoy short puns about writing?
Because they were write on target.

Share these short Writing Puns with fellow word lovers.

📸 Clever Writing Puns for Instagram

Why did the writer post a selfie?
Because every caption deserved a clever story.
Why did the pen become an influencer?
Because every word gained followers.
Why did the notebook trend online?
Because blank pages inspire everyone.
Why did the author love Instagram?
Because every post became a new chapter.
Why did the keyboard collect likes?
Because creativity always goes viral.
Why did the journal shine online?
Because real stories connect people.
Why did the ink steal the spotlight?
Because bold words stand out.
Why did the editor approve every post?
Because polished content wins.
Why did the paragraph become popular?
Because it flowed perfectly.
Why did the grammar expert smile?
Because captions deserve good writing.
Why did the storytelling post go viral?
Because everyone loves a great ending.
Why did the creative writer keep posting?
Because inspiration never logs off.
Why did the paper become photogenic?
Because ideas look beautiful.
Why did the novel gain attention?
Because every chapter was picture perfect.
Why did everyone share writing puns?
Because write captions always get likes.

Share these Writing Instagram puns with your followers.

📝 Best Writing-Themed Wordplay Jokes

Why did the writer love every deadline?
Because pressure produced better stories.
Why did the pen stay confident?
Because every sentence had a purpose.
Why did the pencil never panic?
Because every mistake could be corrected.
Why did the author enjoy revisions?
Because every edit improved the story.
Why did the keyboard keep typing?
Because ideas never stop.
Why did the journal become everyone’s favorite?
Because honest words matter.
Why did the editor smile proudly?
Because every draft became stronger.
Why did the grammar lesson feel fun?
Because clear writing always wins.
Why did the paragraph stay organized?
Because every sentence had its place.
Why did the creative writing project succeed?
Because imagination worked overtime.
Why did the story become unforgettable?
Because every twist surprised readers.
Why did the paper stay full?
Because creativity never runs dry.
Why did the novel inspire everyone?
Because great stories last forever.
Why did the ink never quit?
Because every word mattered.
Why did everyone enjoy writing jokes?
Because they were written for laughs.

Share these Writing wordplay jokes with your favorite storyteller.

📱 Witty Writing Puns for Social Media

Why did the writer go viral?
Because every post was worth reading.
Why did the pen become famous?
Because it always made a strong point.
Why did the author collect followers?
Because every caption told a story.
Why did the keyboard love social media?
Because every click sparked creativity.
Why did the journal get shared everywhere?
Because authentic words connect people.
Why did the editor earn respect?
Because polished posts stand out.
Why did the grammar expert trend online?
Because good writing never goes out of style.
Why did the story become a favorite post?
Because everyone wanted the next chapter.
Why did the creative writing page grow quickly?
Because imagination attracts readers.
Why did the paper stay popular?
Because every page inspired someone.
Why did the paragraph receive compliments?
Because it flowed naturally.
Why did the novel become a trending topic?
Because readers couldn’t put it down.
Why did the ink shine online?
Because powerful words leave lasting impressions.
Why did the notebook become an internet star?
Because every page held fresh ideas.
Why did everyone love funny writing puns?
Because they were always write for social media.

Share these Writing social media puns and spread the laughs.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Clean and Family-Friendly Writing Jokes

Why did the writer bring extra paper?
Because great ideas need room to grow.
Why did the pen smile all day?
Because kind words make everyone happy.
Why did the pencil stay cheerful?
Because every mistake became a new lesson.
Why did the notebook welcome everyone?
Because every page loved a fresh story.
Why did the author enjoy writing books?
Because sharing stories brings people together.
Why did the keyboard keep clicking?
Because creativity never takes a break.
Why did the journal stay positive?
Because every memory was worth saving.
Why did the editor applaud the draft?
Because practice makes every story better.
Why did the grammar guide feel proud?
Because clear writing helps everyone.
Why did the paragraph stay organized?
Because teamwork makes every story flow.
Why did the creative writing club laugh together?
Because imagination is always fun.
Why did the story make everyone smile?
Because happy endings never go out of style.
Why did the ink keep flowing?
Because inspiration never runs out.
Why did the book become everyone’s favorite?
Because every chapter spread kindness.
Why did everyone enjoy writing puns for kids?
Because they were fun for every age.

Share these family-friendly Writing jokes with everyone.

💬 Punny Writing Quotes That’ll Crack You Up

Why did the writer stay motivated?
Because every blank page hides a masterpiece.
Why did the pen believe in itself?
Because every word has power.
Why did the pencil keep going?
Because mistakes are part of the story.
Why did the author smile every morning?
Because every sunrise starts a new chapter.
Why did the keyboard never complain?
Because every click brings progress.
Why did the journal stay honest?
Because truth creates the best stories.
Why did the editor love revisions?
Because every draft can shine brighter.
Why did the grammar lesson matter?
Because strong writing lasts forever.
Why did the paragraph stay united?
Because every sentence belongs.
Why did the creative writing class inspire everyone?
Because imagination changes the world.
Why did the story never grow old?
Because great ideas are timeless.
Why did the paper stay hopeful?
Because every page is a fresh start.
Why did the novel inspire readers?
Because every ending begins with one word.
Why did the ink never fade?
Because meaningful words live forever.
Why did everyone love writing quotes?
Because they were full of wisdom and humor.

Share these Writing quotes with your favorite storyteller.

Read More: 255+ Egg-Cracking Funny Easter Pun s Everyone Loves(2026)

🌍 Writing Puns for Tourists and Travelers

Why did the writer pack a notebook?
Because every trip deserved a new story.
Why did the pen love traveling?
Because adventures write themselves.
Why did the journal visit every city?
Because memories belong on every page.
Why did the author explore new places?
Because every destination inspires another chapter.
Why did the keyboard travel too?
Because stories can be written anywhere.
Why did the travel diary stay full?
Because every journey was unforgettable.
Why did the paper love road trips?
Because every mile created new ideas.
Why did the editor enjoy vacations?
Because every adventure needed a polished story.
Why did the creative writing student travel?
Because the world is the best classroom.
Why did the story cross the border?
Because great tales have no limits.
Why did the book fit in every backpack?
Because good company never weighs much.
Why did the paragraph enjoy sightseeing?
Because every view deserved describing.
Why did the ink never dry?
Because adventures kept coming.
Why did the novel love airports?
Because every flight starts another chapter.
Why did everyone enjoy writing travel puns?
Because every trip deserves a great story.

Share these Writing travel puns before your next adventure.

😜 Silly & Sassy Writing Wordplay

Why did the writer wear sunglasses?
Because brilliant ideas shine too brightly.
Why did the pen feel important?
Because it always made its point.
Why did the pencil show confidence?
Because it could always rewrite history.
Why did the author wink?
Because plot twists are attractive.
Why did the keyboard act dramatic?
Because every key wanted attention.
Why did the journal keep secrets?
Because great stories need mystery.
Why did the editor laugh first?
Because they spotted every typo.
Why did the grammar guide stay classy?
Because commas know perfect timing.
Why did the paragraph walk proudly?
Because it held the story together.
Why did the creative writing class steal the spotlight?
Because imagination always wins.
Why did the story surprise everyone?
Because boring endings are overrated.
Why did the paper feel famous?
Because ideas loved showing up there.
Why did the novel become unforgettable?
Because drama sells chapters.
Why did the ink refuse to quit?
Because legends never fade.
Why did everyone enjoy creative writing puns?
Because they were write on cue.

Share these silly Writing puns with someone who loves clever humor.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Clean and Family-Friendly Writing Jokes

Why did the writer bring extra paper?
Because great ideas need room to grow.
Why did the pen smile all day?
Because kind words make everyone happy.
Why did the pencil stay cheerful?
Because every mistake became a new lesson.
Why did the notebook welcome everyone?
Because every page loved a fresh story.
Why did the author enjoy writing books?
Because sharing stories brings people together.
Why did the keyboard keep clicking?
Because creativity never takes a break.
Why did the journal stay positive?
Because every memory was worth saving.
Why did the editor applaud the draft?
Because practice makes every story better.
Why did the grammar guide feel proud?
Because clear writing helps everyone.
Why did the paragraph stay organized?
Because teamwork makes every story flow.
Why did the creative writing club laugh together?
Because imagination is always fun.
Why did the story make everyone smile?
Because happy endings never go out of style.
Why did the ink keep flowing?
Because inspiration never runs out.
Why did the book become everyone’s favorite?
Because every chapter spread kindness.
Why did everyone enjoy writing puns for kids?
Because they were fun for every age.

Share these family-friendly Writing jokes with everyone.

💬 Punny Writing Quotes That’ll Crack You Up

Why did the writer stay motivated?
Because every blank page hides a masterpiece.
Why did the pen believe in itself?
Because every word has power.
Why did the pencil keep going?
Because mistakes are part of the story.
Why did the author smile every morning?
Because every sunrise starts a new chapter.
Why did the keyboard never complain?
Because every click brings progress.
Why did the journal stay honest?
Because truth creates the best stories.
Why did the editor love revisions?
Because every draft can shine brighter.
Why did the grammar lesson matter?
Because strong writing lasts forever.
Why did the paragraph stay united?
Because every sentence belongs.
Why did the creative writing class inspire everyone?
Because imagination changes the world.
Why did the story never grow old?
Because great ideas are timeless.
Why did the paper stay hopeful?
Because every page is a fresh start.
Why did the novel inspire readers?
Because every ending begins with one word.
Why did the ink never fade?
Because meaningful words live forever.
Why did everyone love writing quotes?
Because they were full of wisdom and humor.

Share these Writing quotes with your favorite storyteller.

🌍 Writing Puns for Tourists and Travelers

Why did the writer pack a notebook?
Because every trip deserved a new story.
Why did the pen love traveling?
Because adventures write themselves.
Why did the journal visit every city?
Because memories belong on every page.
Why did the author explore new places?
Because every destination inspires another chapter.
Why did the keyboard travel too?
Because stories can be written anywhere.
Why did the travel diary stay full?
Because every journey was unforgettable.
Why did the paper love road trips?
Because every mile created new ideas.
Why did the editor enjoy vacations?
Because every adventure needed a polished story.
Why did the creative writing student travel?
Because the world is the best classroom.
Why did the story cross the border?
Because great tales have no limits.
Why did the book fit in every backpack?
Because good company never weighs much.
Why did the paragraph enjoy sightseeing?
Because every view deserved describing.
Why did the ink never dry?
Because adventures kept coming.
Why did the novel love airports?
Because every flight starts another chapter.
Why did everyone enjoy writing travel puns?
Because every trip deserves a great story.

Share these Writing travel puns before your next adventure.

😜 Silly & Sassy Writing Wordplay

Why did the writer wear sunglasses?
Because brilliant ideas shine too brightly.
Why did the pen feel important?
Because it always made its point.
Why did the pencil show confidence?
Because it could always rewrite history.
Why did the author wink?
Because plot twists are attractive.
Why did the keyboard act dramatic?
Because every key wanted attention.
Why did the journal keep secrets?
Because great stories need mystery.
Why did the editor laugh first?
Because they spotted every typo.
Why did the grammar guide stay classy?
Because commas know perfect timing.
Why did the paragraph walk proudly?
Because it held the story together.
Why did the creative writing class steal the spotlight?
Because imagination always wins.
Why did the story surprise everyone?
Because boring endings are overrated.
Why did the paper feel famous?
Because ideas loved showing up there.
Why did the novel become unforgettable?
Because drama sells chapters.
Why did the ink refuse to quit?
Because legends never fade.
Why did everyone enjoy creative writing puns?
Because they were write on cue.

Share these silly Writing puns with someone who loves clever humor.

✨ Iconic Sayings with a Writing Twist

Why did the writer never stop dreaming?
Because every ending begins with one word.
Why did the pen stay fearless?
Because bold ideas deserve bold writing.
Why did the pencil keep moving?
Because every mistake writes a better future.
Why did the author trust the process?
Because great stories take time.
Why did the keyboard keep clicking?
Because success is typed one letter at a time.
Why did the journal stay close?
Because every memory deserves a page.
Why did the editor stay patient?
Because every draft becomes stronger.
Why did the grammar guide smile?
Because clear words create clear thoughts.
Why did the paragraph stay together?
Because every sentence has a purpose.
Why did the creative writing class inspire everyone?
Because imagination has no limits.
Why did the story keep growing?
Because every chapter teaches something new.
Why did the paper remain blank?
Because tomorrow brings fresh ideas.
Why did the novel become timeless?
Because great writing never gets old.
Why did the ink leave a mark?
Because meaningful words last forever.
Why did everyone love writing sayings?
Because they were written with wisdom.

Share these Writing sayings with your favorite word lover.

🎉 Share-Worthy Writing Puns for Every Mood

Why did the writer celebrate today?
Because every page was a fresh success.
Why did the pen stay cheerful?
Because happy words brighten every day.
Why did the pencil laugh?
Because every sketch became a story.
Why did the notebook smile?
Because it was full of creative ideas.
Why did the author stay inspired?
Because imagination never takes a vacation.
Why did the keyboard keep typing?
Because brilliant ideas never wait.
Why did the journal become everyone’s favorite?
Because every page felt personal.
Why did the editor applaud?
Because another masterpiece was complete.
Why did the grammar expert grin?
Because perfect sentences make people smile.
Why did the story become unforgettable?
Because laughter filled every chapter.
Why did the creative writing project succeed?
Because originality always wins.
Why did the paper stay useful?
Because ideas never stop arriving.
Why did the novel make everyone laugh?
Because every chapter had character.
Why did the ink stay bold?
Because confidence belongs on every page.
Why did everyone enjoy funny writing puns?
Because they were always write for the moment.

Share these Writing puns and brighten someone’s day.

🇬🇧 Writing Puns in English

Why did the English writer love the dictionary?
Because every word opened new possibilities.
Why did the pen enjoy English class?
Because vocabulary made it stronger.
Why did the author study grammar?
Because good writing speaks clearly.
Why did the notebook stay full?
Because English words never ran out.
Why did the keyboard love spelling?
Because every letter mattered.
Why did the journal improve daily?
Because practice builds confidence.
Why did the editor smile?
Because every correction improved the story.
Why did the paragraph stay neat?
Because organization makes reading easier.
Why did the creative writing student succeed?
Because imagination and language work together.
Why did the story become popular?
Because readers understood every sentence.
Why did the paper become valuable?
Because ideas were written clearly.
Why did the grammar lesson help everyone?
Because strong writing starts with good English.
Why did the book become a favorite?
Because every page was easy to enjoy.
Why did the ink never stop flowing?
Because English stories never end.
Why did everyone love writing puns in English?
Because they were write on point.

Share these English Writing puns with your classmates.

Read More: 391+ Minion Puns That Turn Any Message Into a Joke (2026)

🎓 Writing Puns for Students

Why did the student carry an extra pen?
Because homework never waits.
Why did the notebook stay organized?
Because good notes earn better grades.
Why did the pencil smile during class?
Because every answer counted.
Why did the writer enjoy school?
Because essays build creativity.
Why did the keyboard work overtime?
Because assignments kept coming.
Why did the journal help students?
Because ideas grow when written down.
Why did the teacher praise the paragraph?
Because it flowed perfectly.
Why did the grammar lesson matter?
Because strong writing leads to success.
Why did the creative writing assignment feel exciting?
Because imagination earned top marks.
Why did the story impress the class?
Because it captured everyone’s attention.
Why did the paper never stay blank?
Because students always had ideas.
Why did the editor encourage revisions?
Because practice makes better writers.
Why did the book become a study buddy?
Because knowledge grows with reading.
Why did the ink never give up?
Because every word mattered.
Why did everyone enjoy writing puns for students?
Because learning became write fun.

Share these Writing student puns with your classmates.

✏️ Short Puns About Writing

Why did the pen smile?
Because it made a good point.
Why did the writer laugh?
Because everything felt write.
Why did the pencil stay calm?
Because it could erase worries.
Why did the paper grin?
Because ideas kept arriving.
Why did the author celebrate?
Because another story was finished.
Why did the keyboard click happily?
Because creativity never rests.
Why did the journal stay busy?
Because memories love company.
Why did the editor relax?
Because the draft looked great.
Why did the grammar guide smile?
Because every sentence behaved.
Why did the paragraph shine?
Because it stayed together.
Why did the story become famous?
Because readers loved it.
Why did the creative writing class cheer?
Because imagination won again.
Why did the ink stay bold?
Because words matter.
Why did the book stay open?
Because adventure was waiting.
Why did everyone enjoy short writing puns?
Because they were simply write.

Share these short Writing puns with fellow readers and writers.

❤️ Short & Cute Writing Puns

Why did the writer smile?
Because every word felt write.
Why did the pen laugh?
Because it always made a point.
Why did the pencil stay cheerful?
Because every sketch became a story.
Why did the notebook blush?
Because it was full of sweet ideas.
Why did the author celebrate?
Because another chapter was complete.
Why did the keyboard stay happy?
Because creativity kept clicking.
Why did the journal grin?
Because every memory found a page.
Why did the paper smile?
Because blank pages love dreams.
Why did the grammar guide laugh?
Because every sentence behaved.
Why did the story stay exciting?
Because surprises filled every page.
Why did the creative writing class cheer?
Because imagination always wins.
Why did the book feel loved?
Because readers never put it down.
Why did the ink stay bold?
Because confidence leaves a mark.
Why did the paragraph relax?
Because everything flowed perfectly.
Why did everyone enjoy short cute writing puns?
Because they were simply write.

Share these cute Writing puns with someone who loves words.

🎃 Halloween Writing Puns

Why did the writer visit the haunted library?
Because spooky stories needed new chapters.
Why did the pen wear a ghost costume?
Because it wanted to make boo tiful notes.
Why did the pencil laugh on Halloween?
Because it drew spooky smiles.
Why did the notebook hide in the dark?
Because mystery filled every page.
Why did the author love October?
Because scary plots came naturally.
Why did the keyboard click all night?
Because ghost stories never sleep.
Why did the journal collect pumpkin tales?
Because every Halloween deserves memories.
Why did the paper shiver?
Because spooky ideas were everywhere.
Why did the grammar guide visit the haunted house?
Because every ghost needs proper punctuation.
Why did the creative writing class wear costumes?
Because imagination loves Halloween.
Why did the book become frightening?
Because every chapter gave goosebumps.
Why did the ink glow orange?
Because pumpkins inspired every page.
Why did the paragraph scare readers?
Because suspense was hiding in every line.
Why did the story become a Halloween favorite?
Because it was fang tastic.
Why did everyone enjoy Halloween writing puns?
Because they were full of spooky laughs.

Share these Halloween Writing puns for some spooky fun.

📚 Reading and Writing Puns

Why did the reader become a writer?
Because every great book inspires another story.
Why did the book hug the notebook?
Because reading and writing belong together.
Why did the pen enjoy reading?
Because every page sparked fresh ideas.
Why did the author read every day?
Because better readers become better writers.
Why did the library stay busy?
Because stories never go out of style.
Why did the journal love books?
Because inspiration starts with reading.
Why did the keyboard keep typing?
Because every chapter deserved a sequel.
Why did the paper stay full?
Because reading fills every blank page.
Why did the grammar guide enjoy novels?
Because good writing begins with good reading.
Why did the creative writing class visit the library?
Because imagination grows with books.
Why did the paragraph feel complete?
Because every sentence had a purpose.
Why did the ink never stop flowing?
Because stories never stop growing.
Why did the bookmark smile?
Because adventures were waiting.
Why did the story inspire another story?
Because great ideas are contagious.
Why did everyone love reading and writing puns?
Because they were the write way to enjoy books.

Share these Reading and Writing puns with every book lover.

Read More: 225+ Funny Arctic Puns That Are Ice-Cold Hilarious (2026)

Conclusion

Writing puns bring a creative mix of literary humor, clever wordplay, and witty jokes that every writer and book lover can enjoy. These smart puns add personality to your captions, conversations, blogs, and social media posts with their imaginative and inspiring vibe.

Loved by writers, students, authors, and readers alike, writing puns make every sentence more entertaining and memorable.

When you’re drafting a story, editing a manuscript, or simply sharing a clever laugh, they always leave a lasting impression. So stay write on, keep your creativity flowing, and let your humor tell the perfect story with every writing pun you share. ✍️📚✨

Key Insight About Writing Puns ✍️

1. What are writing puns?
Writing puns are funny wordplay jokes that use writing, books, pens, pencils, grammar, or storytelling terms to create clever and humorous expressions.

2. Why are writing puns so popular?
They are popular because reading and writing are familiar activities. Their clever language makes them enjoyable for writers, students, teachers, and book lovers.

3. What are some popular writing pun examples?
Examples include “Write on!”, “That’s a novel idea,” and “Pen it to win it.” These use writing-related words in playful ways.

4. Where can writing puns be used?
Writing puns are perfect for author websites, book clubs, classroom activities, greeting cards, blogs, journals, and social media captions.

5. How can I create my own writing puns?
Use writing-related words like “write,” “pen,” “page,” “chapter,” “story,” or “draft” and blend them into everyday expressions. Keep the wordplay short, clever, and easy to understand. ✍️📚

Emma

Hi, I am Emma, the Author of puncap.com. I share the funniest puns and jokes to keep your days full of laughter and smiles.